Resources
These are the sources behind the facts, figures, and assertions made throughout this website and the print/e-book version of our national story.
General Wastewater / Clean Water Act Information
- National Commission of Water Quality, “Staff Report to the National Commission on Water Quality”, 1976
- Congressional Research Service, “Clean Water Act: A Summary of the Law”, 2016
- Congressional Research Service, “Water Quality: Implementing the Clean Water Act”, 2003
- Congressional Research Service, “Funding for EPA Water Infrastructure: A Fact Sheet”, 2018
- Center for Sustainable Systems, University of Michigan, 2019, “US Wastewater Treatment Fact Sheet”
- Association of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies, “AMSA: 1970-80, The Story of its First Decade”, 1980
- Association of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies, “AMSA: 1970-90, The First Twenty Years”, 1990
- Association of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies, “AMSA: 1970-95, The First Twenty-Five Years”, 1995
- NACWA, “Recommendations for a Viable Clean Water Policy”, 2007
- Lyon, Greg S. and Stein, Eric D., Environmental Monitoring Assessment, “How effective has the Clean Water Act been at reducing pollutant mass emissions to the Southern California Bight over the past 35 years?”, 2009
- The New York Times, “A Cleveland River Once Oozed and Burned. It's Now a Hot Spot”, June 7, 2019
- NACWA, “The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)… State Data and Lessons Learned from Clean Water Funding”, 2010
- Value of Water, “2019 Value of Water National Poll Release PPT - Abridged”, 2019
- ASCE, “2017 Infrastructure Report Card”, 2017
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “Keeping Raw Sewage & Contaminated Stormwater Out of the Public's Water”, 2011
- NACWA, “Recommendations for a Viable and Vital 221st Century Clean Water Policy”, 2007
- International Association for Great Lakes Research, “Great Lakes Revival: How Restoring Polluted Waters Lead to Rebirth of Great Lakes Communities”, 2019
- US Government Accountability Office, “Clean Water Act: Changes Needed if Key EPA Program is to Help Fulfill the Nation's Water Quality Goals”, 2013
- Greenberg, P, Yale Environment360, “The Clean Water Act at 40: There's Still Much Left to Do”, 2012
- Manke, K., Berkeley News, “Clean Water Act dramatically cut pollution in US waterways”, 2018
- Haynie, D., US News, “Banking on the River: As one Rust Belt city bets on riverfront development, it wrestles with common challenges, like the state of the water itself”, 2018
Resource Recovery
- Water Environment Federation, “Baseline Data to Establish the Current Amount of Resource Recovery from WRRFs”, 2018
- Water Environment Federation, “Biogas Production and Use at Water Resource Recovery Facilities in the United States, Phase 1 Data Report, 2013
- NACWA, WEF, WERF, “Energy from Wastewater”, 2014
- American Membrane Technology Association, “Membrane Bio-Reactors (MBR)”, 2013
- US Department of Agriculture, US Environmental Protection Agency, US Department of Energy, “Biogas Opportunities Roadmap: Voluntary Actions to Reduce Methane Emissions and Increase Energy Independence”, 2014
- Lu, Q. He, Z. and Stoffella P., Applied and Environmental Soil Science, “Land Application of Biosolids in the USA: A Review”, 2012
- Tanigawa, S., Environmental and Energy Study Institute, “Fact Sheet - Biogas: Converting Waste to Energy”, 2017
- Water Environment Federation, Water Science & Engineering Center
- Water Environment Federation
- American Biogas Council, State Profiles
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “Biosolids Generation, Use, and Disposal in the United States”, 1999
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “Emerging Technologies for Biosolids Management, 2018
Economics
- NACWA, AMWA, “The Impacts of Altering Tax-Exempt Municipal Bond Financing on Public Drinking Water and Wastewater Systems”, 2013
- Keiser, David A. and Shapiro, Joseph S., Yale University, “Consequences fo the Clean Water Act and the Demand for Water Quality”, 2017
- ASCE, “Failure to Act: The Economic Impact of Current Investment Trends in Water and Wastewater Treatment Infrastructure”, 2011
- Congressional Budget Office, “Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, 1956 to 2017”, 2018
- Congressional Budget Office, “Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, 1956 to 2017”, 2018 - additional data
- Congressional Budget Office, “Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, 1956 to 2017”, 2018 - additional data
- US Department of the Interior, National Park Service, “Economic Impacts of Protecting Rivers, Trails, and Greenway Corridors”, 1995
- The US Conference of Mayors, Mayors Water Council, “Local Government Investment in Municipal Water and Sewer Infrastructure: Adding Value to the National Economy”, 2008
- Outdoor Industry Association, “The Outdoor Recreation Economy”, 2012
- Outdoor Industry Association, “The Outdoor Recreation Economy”, 2017
- Outdoor Industry Foundation, 2004 to 2011 Outdoor Foundation Reports
- Sklarz, M. and Miller, N., “The Impact of Waterfronts on Residential Home Values, Part 2: Considering Climate Change and Flood Risks”, 2018
- Value of Water Campaign, “The Economic Benefits of Investing in Water Infrastructure, Technical Appendix”, 2016
Technical Data
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Data from the National Aquatic Resource Surveys
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “303(d) Listed Impaired Waters NHDPlus Indexed Dataset”
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “Waters Assessed as Impaired due to Nutrient-Related Causes”
- US Geological Survey, National Hydrology Dataset
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Watershed Assessment, Tracking & Environmental Results System (WATERS)
- US Geological Survey, National Water Information System
- US Environmental Protection Agency, ATTAINS Separate Impaired and Assessed Waters Reports
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 1996 Clean Watershed Needs Survey
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 2000 Clean Watershed Needs Survey
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 2004 Clean Watershed Needs Survey
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 2008 Clean Watershed Needs Survey
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 2012 Clean Watershed Needs Survey
- Gallup, Historical Polling of Americans on Topics of the Environment: 1989 to 2019
- US Environmental Protection Agency, “National Water Quality Inventory: Report to Congress”, 2017
- US Geological Survey, “Point-Source Nutrient Loads to Streams of the Conterminous United States, 2012”
- Ivahnenko, T., US Geological Survey, “Evaluation and use of US Environmental Protection Agency Clean Watersheds Needs Survey data to Quantify nutrient loads to surface water, 1978-2012, 2017
- US Geological Survey, “National USEPA Clean Watershed Needs Survey WWTP nutrient load data 1978 to 2012”
© 2020 NACWA